1. Classification by toy function
1. Phonetics and cultural toys: toys that can make children's hearing more sensitive, learn new characters, promote language expression and organizational skills, and practice before school, such as story tapes, story cards, and drawing boards that encourage graffiti.
2. Science toys: Science toys that can attract children to observe, compare, collect, and analyze. In addition to arousing the children's enthusiasm, they can also develop the concepts of observing, analyzing, collecting information, doing things, and seeking truth from facts, such as mirrors, kaleidoscopes, and various specimens.
3. Action toys: These toys can exercise children's large muscles and coordination of various parts of the body, such as baby crawling toys, various strollers, trolleys, rideable bicycles, throwing darts, etc.
4. Operational toys: This kind of toys makes children's finger muscles more flexible, and promotes the coordination of eyes and hands, such as cat soil, threading, beading, and stacking building blocks.
5, art toys: can cultivate creativity and the ability to read, write and discover beautiful things in life.
6. Social toys: including dolls, stuffed toys, etc., as well as toys designed according to the context of life, such as playing toys in supermarkets and airports, allowing children to experience the adult's living world while expressing their emotions, and at the same time know the environment around them And absorb relevant life experience.
Second, by child age
0-1 years old: Audiovisual touch toys-Newborn babies develop quickly physically and mentally, the functions of the body and nervous system develop rapidly, and vision and hearing are gradually improved. At this time, children are more sensitive to some visual color shakes and auditory sounds, so they can choose some shaking and sound toys. Don't think that hanging the carousel toy on the stroller is only a decorative effect. It can attract children's attention by shaking the toy. In addition, through traditional sounds such as tambourines and shaking toys, children can be attracted to practice turning over, crawling, standing, and even walking to promote mental growth.
1-2 years old: push-pull, ball toys, building block toys-children at this stage begin to learn to walk independently, tambourine toys are not enough to guide, and some push-pull, ball toys are also added to help children walk independently Keep balance in the process, in addition, it can also meet the needs of children climbing, throwing, jumping and so on. In addition, building block toys can promote children's awareness of shape and color, and provide preliminary intellectual enlightenment for children. Children aged 1-2 are at the stage of dentistry. Sound-producing toys can choose songs with words, words or simple melody. Of course, the best language enlightenment comes from parents, so that children can gradually master the language communication ability in imitation learning.
2-4 years old: Shaking, balancing toys, colorful toys-2-4 year-old children are more sensitive in visual sense, and different colors of stimulation can promote children's imagination and creativity, so toys at this stage should also be colourful. In addition, with few toy styles and shapes, children can feel different changes in touch when they touch them, enhancing the overall development of the child's brain. In addition, the language comprehension ability is further upgraded. At this time, you can appropriately purchase some word toys or word dice with bright colors, simple shapes, and large pictures, so that the child will gradually become familiar with the writing environment. And rocking toys such as Trojans and swings will always be children's favorite. In addition to giving children a happy time, they can also cultivate children's balance, physical coordination and problem-solving skills.
4-6 years old: plush toys, models, play house toys-with the children's mastery of independent walking ability, preliminary language skills, children's thinking skills are gradually being cultivated. Children always like to imitate adults, and gradually learn their imitative and personality abilities through the study of imitated objects. At this stage, many children like to play house, such as plush toys, Barbie dolls, etc. In the house play, they are often regarded as "children", while children play the role of "adult", and through some toy kitchen, furniture Model, car model, etc., set your own Sims. By providing children with toys in this regard, children's independent and social abilities can be cultivated, and the establishment of children's emotional intelligence is accelerated.
1. Children's toys can stimulate the enthusiasm of children's activities: the physical and mental development of children is realized in the activities. Toys can be manipulated, manipulated, and used freely for young children, which conforms to their psychological hobby and ability level. It can meet the needs of their activities and increase their enthusiasm. For example, "rocking horse" toys, children will naturally ride on, swing back and forth, not only to meet the requirements of their activities, but also to make them have a positive and happy mood, so long-term play. Another example is the "baby" toy, which can cause children to do a variety of activities. Children of all ages can use simple dolls to make games based on their own life experiences.
2. Children's toys can enhance their perceptual awareness: Toys have the characteristics of intuitive image, and children can touch, hold, listen, blow, and watch, which is conducive to the training of various senses. Such as colorful sets of towers, blow-molded toys, various dolls, and toy animals are conducive to visual training; eight-tone bears, small pianos, tambourines, small cymbals, etc. can train hearing; building blocks, plastic tablets, and structural models can be developed Space perception; various puzzles, mosaic toys, soft plastic toys, etc. can exercise the touch feeling; pull carts, trolleys, tricycles, two-wheelers, etc., also contribute to the development of athletic ability. Toys not only enrich the children's sensibility knowledge, but also help to consolidate the children's impressions in life while developing their senses and sports abilities. When children do not have extensive exposure to real life, they know the world through toys.
3. Children's toys can cause children's association activities: such as hospital toys, dolls' toys can cause children to associate with hospitals and families, and can encourage children to develop creative role games; some labor tools toys can cause children to plant trees. , Dug rivers, construction, and other simulated labor. Some toys are specifically used for thinking training, such as various chess and various intellectual toys, which can improve children's analysis, synthesis, comparison, judgment, reasoning and other abilities, and cultivate the depth, flexibility and agility of thinking.
4. Encourage children to actively engage in thinking, imagination and other activities, and show it through other activities of the hands or body: such as playing "Ji Su" toys, the child must conceive, imagine, and choose materials to achieve the intended purpose; hands-on assembly At the same time, both hands and brains must be used. Young children will encounter some difficulties when using toys. These difficulties require them to rely on their own strength to overcome and persist in completing tasks, thus cultivating excellent qualities of overcoming difficulties and forging ahead.
5. Conducive to fostering collective ideas and cooperative spirit: some toys are required for common use by young children. Such as "telephone" toys, there must be two parties to the call, and even a pager, can help children understand the learning and living experience, practice and cooperate with peers. Another example is the "long rope" toy, which itself requires many children to use it collectively. In the long rope jump game, children coordinate their actions and strengthen the collective concept.
Attachment: The educational role of children's toys
1. Utilizing toy games is not just a play, but a good form of education for children.
2. The use of toy games can cultivate good character of infants and children, and it is an effective means to educate children in ideology and morality.
3. The use of toy games can provide aesthetic education to young children.
First, choose toys that are suitable for children: choose toys that are suitable for the needs of children of different ages and suitable for the age and characteristics of children's psychological and physical development. For example, before the age of 1, children's sensory organs and their ability to move are relatively weak. Therefore, toys purchased at this stage should mainly help to strengthen the child's visual and auditory development of color, distance, sound, etc. Color balloons, bells, etc.
Second, the choice of toys must pay attention to safety and hygiene: the toys purchased should be non-toxic and sterile, easy to clean; the edges of the toys should be neat and soft, without hard and sharp shuttle angles. For young children, do not give them glass balls, plastic balls and other small toys to avoid accidents in the wrong population. Some toys rotate too fast or are easy to hurt others, so you should pay attention when buying and using them.
Third, avoid one-sided pursuit of high-end, toys are not as high-end as possible: In fact, many high-end electronic toys are too high because of their "automation". Children often become ordinary audiences, making them unable to cultivate their ability to use their brains. At the same time, the functions of high-end toys are too single, which easily restrains children's imagination. For older children, you can buy more toys that are conducive to the development of smart.
In short, toys are the best tool for developing children's intelligence. Choosing the right toys for children of different ages not only makes children's lives full of joy. What's more important is the development of children's intelligence.